As we have a quite new update and nobody has not written any guide about the new PvE gear yet I will try to explain it here.
Old PvE gear progression:
Idoneal < Ambit < Discovery < Generation
And now there is the new line which is very similar (by stats) to the old one:
Fulminate < Wroth < Schisma < Lucid
Now lets introduce each of the new gear as the old one probably everyone of you know.
This set cannot be enchanted however it has pretty high modifiers so it should be enought for all the end game dungeons in normal mode. Also it is a good choice if you dont want to spend tons of gold on your equipment, however with this gear you will not enjoy the game the right way 
Enchantable: No
Masterworkable: No
Tier: 5
Where to obtain:
- Bathysmal rise (Normal mode, 7 players)
- Can be purchased using Vanguard credits
Set Item levels: 177 - 191
Similar to: Idoneal
This gear is very similar to Ambit, you can call this as a basic enchantable gear, it is also masterworkable, but I personally do not recommend to masterwork this gear, as the masterworking is tricky expensive, it is much worth to masterwork Lucid gear.
Enchantable: Yes
Masterworkable: Yes
Tier: 6
Where to obtain:
- Akerons Inferno (Normal mode), Vault of Kaprima (not confirmed)
- Can be purchased using Cosmoshard
- This set can be crafted
Set Item levels: 175 - 183
Similar to: Ambit
This is actually one on the two second-best gearcin the game, with this gear you can grind lvl 65 monsters pretty quickly as well as farm Kelsaiks Nest and Labyrinth of Terror solo. If you are not planning to get the Lucid gear then there is a good reason to masterwork this gear.
Enchantable: Yes
Masterworkable: Yes
Tier: 7
Where to obtain:
- Akerons Inferno (Hard mode), Timescape (Normal)
- This set can be crafted
Set Item levels: 175 - 183
Similar to: Discovery
This set is a part of the visionmaker set, thats why we can call it the best PvE gear, it is definitely worth to enchanting and masterworking.
Enchantable: Yes
Masterworkable: Yes
Tier: 7
Where to obtain:
- This set can be crafted (the only way how to get it, it has no drops)
Set Item levels: 175 - 185
Similar to: Generation
More information and screens I will add soon as I get home.